非谓语动词之动名词作宾语作表语作定语
摘要: 非谓语动词之动名词作宾语作表语作定语a.作动词的宾语，某些及物动词后面直接接宾语时只能加动名词，不能加......
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非谓语动词之动名词作宾语作表语作定语 a. 作动词的宾语，某些及物动词后面直接接宾语时只能加动名词，不能加不定式，如advise, allow, permit, avoid, consider, enjoy, finish, imagine, include, keep, mind, miss, delay, practice, resist, suggest, escape, bear等。 Mark often attempts to escape being fined whenever he breaks traffic regulations. 每当违反交通规则时，Mark总是尝试着逃脱惩罚。 b. 作介词的宾语（单个介词或最后是介词的动词短语），如depend on, think about, set about, succeed in, worry about, burst into, be used to, get used to, devote…to…, look forward to, pay attention to, get down to等。 We are against killing small animals. 我们反对屠杀小动物。 Shall we have a rest or get down to doing our work? 我们是休息一下还是继续工作？ c. 作短语动词的宾语give up, keep on, put off, insist on等。 He is often persuaded to give up smoking. 他总是被劝戒烟。 d. 其他情况be worth, be busy, can’t help, can’t stand等。The music is well worth listening to more than once. 这音乐值得反复听。 We are busy preparing for the coming sports meet. 我们忙着为即将到来的运动会做准备。 作表语 动名词作表语时句子主语常是表示无生命的事物的名词或what引导的名词性从句。表语动名词与主语通常是对等的关系，表示主语的内容，主语、表语可互换位置。 Your task is cleaning the windows. (Cleaning the windows is your task.) 你的任务是擦玻璃。 What I hate most is being laughed at. (Being laughed at is what I hate most.) 我最讨厌别人嘲笑我。 作定语 动名词作定语往往表示被修饰词的某种用途。如： a walking stick =a stick for walking=a stick which is used for walking a washing machine=a machine for washing=a machine which is used for washing a reading room=a room for reading=a room which is used for reading Joe Simpson and Simon Yates were the first people to climb the West Face of the Siula Grande in the Andes mountains. They reached the top41_______, but on their way back conditions were very42_______. Joe fell and broke his leg. They both knew that if Simon 43_______ alone, he would probably get back 44_______. But Simon decided to risk his 45_______ and try to lower Joe down the mountain on a rope（绳）. As they 46_______ down, the weather got worse. Then another 47_______ occurred. They couldn’t see or hear each other and, 48_______, Simon lowered his friend over the edge of a precipice（峭壁）. It was 49_______ for Joe to climb back or for Simon to pull him up. Joe’s 50_______ was pulling Simon slowly towards the precipice. 51_______, after more than an hour in the dark and the icy cold, Simon had to 52_______. In tears, he cut the rope. Joe 53_______ into a large crevasse（裂缝）in the ice below. He had no food or water and he was in terrible pain. He couldn’t walk, but he54_______ to get out of the crevasse and started to 55_______ towards their camp, nearly ten kilometers 56_______. Simon had 57_______ the camp at the foot of the mountain. He thought that Joe must be 58_______, but he didn’t want to leave59_______. Three days later, in the middle of the night, he heard Joe’s voice. He couldn’t 60_______ it. Joe was there, a few meters from their tent, still alive. 41. A. hurriedly B. carefully C. successfully D. early 42. A. difficult B. similar C. special D. normal 43. A. climbed B. worked C. rested D. continued 44. A. unwillingly B. safely C. slowly D. regretfully 45. A. fortune B. time C. health D. life 46. A. lay B. settled C. went D. looked 47. A. damage B. storm C. change D. trouble 48. A. by mistake B. by chance C .by choice D. by luck 49. A. unnecessary B. practical C. important D. impossible 50. A. height B. weight C. strength D. equipment 51. A. Finally B. Patiently C Surely D Quickly 52. A. stand back B. take a rest C make a decision D. hold on 53. A. jumped B. fell C escaped D backed 54. A. managed B. planned C. waited D. hoped 55. A. run B. skate C. move D. march 56. A. around B. away C. above D. along 57. A. headed for B .traveled to C. left for D. returned to 58. A. dead B .hurt C. weak D. late 59. A. secretly B. tiredly C. immediately D. anxiously 60. A. find B. believe C. make D. accept 
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